Bow FPS Calculator

The Bow FPS Calculator estimates arrow speed in feet per second based on draw weight, draw length, and arrow weight. This tool helps archers optimize their bow setup for better accuracy and power. Whether you are preparing for a hunting trip, setting up a target bow, or comparing equipment, this calculator provides precise performance data.

The force required to pull the bowstring back, typically 30-80 lbs for most bows
How far the bowstring is pulled back, typically 24-30 inches for most archers
The total weight of the arrow including point, shaft, and fletching
Percentage of weight reduction at full draw (primarily for compound bows)
Environmental temperature affecting string performance

How Arrow Speed Is Calculated

Arrow speed represents the velocity of your arrow the moment it leaves the bow, determining trajectory and energy. The calculation relies on a physics-based efficiency formula to estimate performance.

FPS = (DW × DL × EF) / (AW ÷ 100)

Where:

  • DW = Draw Weight
  • DL = Draw Length
  • EF = Efficiency Factor
  • AW = Arrow Weight

First, the tool calculates potential power using draw weight and draw length. Then, it applies an efficiency factor based on bow type, string material, and let-off percentage. Finally, it divides the result by your total arrow weight. Heavier arrows will lower the FPS score but increase momentum, while lighter arrows fly faster. This method offers a reliable way to predict how your specific setup will perform in the field.

What Your Arrow Speed Means

Your arrow speed result indicates how flat your arrow will fly and how effectively it delivers energy downrange. Higher speeds generally mean a flatter trajectory, making it easier to aim at varying distances.

Performance Benchmarks

Hunting Big Game: If you are hunting elk or bear, look for speeds between 280 and 320 fps combined with heavy arrow weight. This ensures the arrow carries enough momentum to penetrate thick hide and bone effectively.

Target Archery: For competitive shooting, speeds above 290 fps help minimize the gap between your sight pins. This allows for more precise aiming at unknown distances in 3D courses.

General Bowhunting: Most whitetail hunters find success in the 260 to 290 fps range. This speed offers a great balance of kinetic energy for lethality and noise reduction for stealth.

Important Note: Always prioritize kinetic energy and arrow flight quality over raw speed numbers. A tuned bow shooting slower is often more accurate than a fast, unstable arrow.

This calculator is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional bow tuning or chronograph testing. Actual arrow performance may vary based on specific equipment and environmental conditions.

Verify your setup with a real chronograph to ensure ethical hunting performance.

Calculation logic verified using publicly available standards.

View our Accuracy & Reliability Framework →